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51.
Study objectivesTo analyze the association between sleep-related symptoms and sleep length in parents and their children in relation to other risk factors in both generations.MethodThe participants were parents (n = 5,855, age 54.3 ± 6.5 years, 45.2% men) who participated in the community-based Respiratory Health in Northern Europe (RHINE) study and one random member of their adult offspring (n = 5,855, age 30.2 ± 7.7 years, 41.5% men) who participated in the Respiratory Health in Northern Europe, Spain and Australia (RHINESSA) study. Both generations responded to identical questionnaires on sleep symptoms, including difficulty initiating sleep (DIS), difficulty maintaining sleep (DMS), early morning awakening (EMA), snoring, nocturnal sweating, nocturnal gastroesophageal reflux (nGER), sleep time and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). Insomnia was defined as either, or both, DIS and DMS in combination with EDS.ResultsAll sleep variables except nocturnal sweating were more common in offspring whose parents had reported the same symptom. After adjusting for age, gender, BMI, smoking, physical activity, education, center and parents' total number of children, there were independent associations between sleep symptoms in parents and offspring for DIS (adj. OR, 95% CI: 1.52, 1.20–1.93), DMS (1.34, 1.15–1.56), snoring (1.45, 1.15,1.83), nGER (1.65, 1.15–2.37), insomnia (1.39, 1.13–1.73), short sleep time (<6 h/night) (2.51, 1.72–3.68) and EDS (1.48, 1.26,1.72). There were no independent relationships between symptoms in parents and offspring for EMA, nocturnal sweating or long sleep time (>9 h/night).ConclusionThe familiar aggregation of many sleep disturbances was not explained by investigated lifestyle and environmental factors. This supports a heritable factor in sleep problems.  相似文献   
52.
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53.
目的探讨激素受体阳性(HR+)乳腺癌患者在不同内分泌治疗时间的类更年期症状和生命质量状况。方法采用横断面研究设计,收集2011—2017年就诊于四川省肿瘤医院经病理确诊的167例HR+乳腺癌患者,按内分泌治疗时间分为<12个月组、12~36个月组、>36个月组。应用改良Kupperman量表和乳腺癌生命质量测定量表(FACT-B)测量类更年期症状和生命质量。采用方差分析及χ2检验比较不同用药时间及用药类型患者的类更年期症状差异,采用协方差分析和多重线性回归分析不同用药时间患者的生命质量得分差异和类更年期症状对生命质量的影响。结果167例乳腺癌患者的类更年期症状得分为(14.5±7.6)分,现患率为87.4%(146/167),以失眠率最高(73.7%,123/167)。除失眠易激动外,选择性雌激素受体调节剂(SERM)使用者以潮热症状最多(64.8%,79/122),芳香化酶抑制剂使用者以骨关节痛症状最多(62.2%,28/45)。患者的FACT-B总得分为(104.5±15.5)分,达标率高达89.8%(150/167),但各维度状况参差不齐,以社会家庭及功能维度达标率最低,分别为73.0%(122/167)和50.9%(85/167)。<12个月组、12~36个月组和>36个月组患者的Kupperman总分分别为(15.0±1.3)分、(14.0±6.9)分和(14.5±7.4)分;FACT-B总得分分别为(102.7±17.8)分、(105.0±12.9)分和(105.6±16.7)分,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。多重线性回归分析结果显示,患者服用SERM类药物期间类更年期症状对生命质量存在负向影响,<12个月组、12~36个月组和>36个月组患者的标准偏回归系数分别为-0.67、-0.30和-0.50,影响程度在12~36个月组中最小。结论HR+乳腺癌患者回归社会、家庭和功能恢复情况较差,应重点关注。类更年期症状在内分泌治疗期间普遍存在,应积极处理以改善生命质量。  相似文献   
54.
PurposeTo compare the safety and efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with and without transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (TIPS).Materials and MethodsThis single-institution study included a retrospective review of 50 patients who underwent transarterial chemoembolization for HCC between January 2010 and April 2017. Twenty-five patients had preexisting TIPS, and 25 patients were selected to control for age, sex, and target tumor size. Baseline median Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD; 13 TIPS, 9 control; P < .001) and albumin-bilirubin (ALBI; 3 TIPS, 2 control; P < .001) differed between groups. Safety was assessed on the basis of Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) and change in MELD and ALBI grade assessed between 3 and 6 months. Efficacy was assessed by tumor response and time to progression (TTP).ResultsThere was 1 severe adverse event (CTCAE grade >2) in the TIPS group. There was no difference in the change in MELD or ALBI grade. Although there was no difference in tumor response (P = .19), more patients achieved a complete response in the control group (19/25, 76%) than in the TIPS group (13/25, 52%). There was no difference in TTP (P = .82). At 1 year, 2 patients in the control group and 3 patients in the TIPS group received a liver transplant. Seven patients died in the TIPS group.ConclusionsTransarterial chemoembolization is as safe and effective in patients with TIPS as in patients without TIPS, despite worse baseline liver function. Severe adverse events are rare and may be transient.  相似文献   
55.
申世军 《河南中医》2020,40(2):243-246
目的:探讨益智活血汤联合拜阿司匹林治疗脑梗死恢复期的临床疗效及对患者神经功能的影响。方法:选取2017年10月至2019年1月在本院治疗的脑梗死恢复期患者84例,随机分为对照组和观察组各42例。对照组采用拜阿司匹林肠溶片治疗,每次0.2 g,日1次,口服。观察组在对照组治疗的基础上采用益智活血汤治疗,日1剂,早晚温服,两组均治疗8周。结果:对照组有效率为80.95%,观察组有效率为95.24%,两组有效率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后半身不遂评分、舌謇不语评分、口舌歪斜评分、肢体麻木评分、气短懒言评分均显著低于本组治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后NIHSS评分、MRS评分均显著低于本组治疗前,BI评分显著高于本组治疗前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后全血高切黏度(high bloodshear viscosity,HWBV)、全血低切黏度(low bloodshear viscosity,LWBV)、血浆黏度(plasma viscosity,PV)、血小板聚集率(platelet agglutination test,PAG)水平均显著低于本组治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后中动脉(middle cerebral artery,MCA)、前动脉(anterior artery,ACA)、后动脉(posterior communicating artery,PCA)血流速度均显著高于本组治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:益智活血汤联合拜阿司匹林治疗脑梗死恢复期患者,可明显改善其神经功能、血液循环及日常生活能力。  相似文献   
56.
Conventional shot-record reverse time migration (RTM) suffers from a high computational burden when dealing with massive data. The computational cost of RTM can be reduced by shot-encoding techniques, and plane-wave encoding is a commonly used and effective shot-encoding scheme. However, plane-wave encoding requires long time padding to avoid information loss, which decreases the efficiency of the time-domain wavefield extrapolator, and the time padding becomes longer with the increasing distance between multiple sources. The piecewise plane-wave encoding scheme cuts multiple sources into several segments prior to implementing plane-wave encoding, hence reduces the time padding, but brings new crosstalk due to the mutual interference between shots in different source segments. We suppress the crosstalk artifacts by a new bipolar-bisection amplitude encoding method, in which half of the encoding array of each migration is different from that of any other migrations to reduce the number of crosstalk terms with as few migrations as possible. We embed the bipolar-bisection method into piecewise plane-wave encoding. Compared with plane-wave encoding, the proposed scheme requires considerably shorter time padding and thus works more efficiently and can generate a qualified imaging result. The feasibility of the proposed method is tested on the 2D SEG/EAGE salt model and the Marmousi model.  相似文献   
57.
Event‐related potentials (ERPs) are used extensively to investigate the neural mechanisms of attention control and selection. The univariate ERP approach, however, has left important questions inadequately answered. We addressed two questions by applying multivariate pattern classification to multichannel ERPs in two cued visual spatial attention experiments (N = 56): (a) impact of cueing strategies (instructional vs. probabilistic) on attention control and selection and (b) neural and behavioral effects of individual differences. Following cue onset, the decoding accuracy (cue left vs. cue right) began to rise above chance level earlier and remained higher in instructional cueing (~80 ms) than in probabilistic cueing (~160 ms), suggesting that unilateral attention focus leads to earlier and more distinct formation of the attention control set. A similar temporal sequence was also found for target‐related processing (cued target vs. uncued target), suggesting earlier and stronger attention selection under instructional cueing. Across the two experiments: (a) individuals with higher cue‐related decoding accuracy showed higher magnitude of attentional modulation of target‐evoked N1 amplitude, suggesting that better formation of anticipatory attentional state leads to stronger modulation of target processing, and (b) individuals with higher target‐related decoding accuracy showed faster reaction times (or larger cueing effects), suggesting that stronger selection of task‐relevant information leads to better behavioral performance. Taken together, multichannel ERPs combined with machine learning decoding yields new insights into attention control and selection that complement the univariate ERP approach, and along with the univariate ERP approach, provides a more comprehensive methodology to the study of visual spatial attention.  相似文献   
58.
59.
目的 研究1 g·L-1和3 g·L-1玻璃酸钠(hyaluronate,HA)滴眼液对角膜内皮移植术后早期泪膜及角膜上皮细胞再生的作用。方法 选择2017年9月至2018年2月在北京大学第三医院行角膜内皮移植术的患者60例(60眼),随机分成1 g·L-1HA组和3 g·L-1HA组,每组各30例,观察标准干眼评估问卷(SPEED)评分、结膜角膜染色评分(OSS)、泪膜破裂时间(TBUT)、角膜上皮缺损范围,进行激光共聚焦显微镜检查。比较不同时间点组间、组内各指标差异。结果 SPEED评分:各时间点两组间比较差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。组内比较:两组组内术后7 d、14 d、28 d均低于前一时间点(均为P=0.000),余相邻时间点两两比较差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。TBUT:术后7 d、14 d、28 d 3 g·L-1HA组均显著高于1 g·L-1HA组(均为P<0.05),而术前组间差异不显著;组内比较:1 g·L-1 HA组后一时间点较前一时间点、3 g·L-1HA组术后7 d较术前均显著延长(均为P<0.05),而3 g·L-1HA组术后14 d、28 d与前一时间点差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。 OSS评分:术前及术后1 d、3 d两组间比较差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05),术后7 d、14 d、28 d 3 g·L-1HA组均显著低于1 g·L-1HA组(均为P<0.05);组内比较:两组术后1 d OSS评分均显著高于术前(均为P=0.000),其余时间点两组均低于前一时间点(均为P=0.000)。角膜上皮缺损范围:术后1 d 两组间比较差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05),术后3 d、7 d 两组间比较,以及两组组内与前一时间点比较差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。角膜基底细胞密度:术前、术后28 d两组间比较,以及1 g·L-1HA组组内术前与术后28 d比较差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05),而3 g·L-1 HA组术后28 d显著低于术前(P=0.002)。结论 HA可以有效改善角膜内皮移植术后早期泪膜状态并促进角膜上皮细胞再生,存在浓度依赖性。  相似文献   
60.
《中国现代医生》2020,58(32):28-30+封三
探讨真菌性、细菌性和病毒性肺炎的若干凝血指标差异性研究。方法 回顾性分析2017 年7 月~2019 年11 月本院肺炎患者128 例与同期门诊健康体检者50 例,分析患者血浆纤维蛋白原(FIB)、凝血酶原时间(PT)和活化部分凝血酶时间(APTT)的水平。结果 三类肺炎组与对照组在FIB、PT 和APTT 水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);FIB、PT 水平与病原感染呈正相关,APTT 与病原感染呈负相关。结论FIB、PT、APTT 可以间接提示肺炎感染病原体类型,具有临床意义。  相似文献   
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